Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziphakeme zamakhasimende ngomfutho wamanzi nomfutho womoya ekwakhiweni kweamashubhu okushisa kagesi e-flange,ukulungiselelwa okuphelele kuyadingeka kusukela kubukhulu obuningi obunjengokukhethwa kwezinto, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, inqubo yokukhiqiza, nokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza. Uhlelo oluqondile lumi kanje:
1,Ukukhetha impahla: Thuthukisa amandla acindezelayo kanye nesisekelo sokuvala
1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziyinhloko zamapayipi
Amandla aphezulu nezinto ezimelana nokugqwala zikhethwa ezimeni zokusebenza ezinomfutho ophezulu (umfutho wamanzi≥10MPa noma umfutho womoya≥6MPa), njenge:
Insimbi engagqwali engu-316L (imelana nemidiya edlayo evamile, amandla acindezelayo≥520MPa);
I-Incoloy 800 (imelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye ne-oxidation, ifanele indawo yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa, amandla okukhiqiza≥240MPa);
Ingxubevange ye-Titanium/Hastelloy alloy (yemidiya egqwala kakhulu nenengcindezi ephezulu njengamanzi olwandle nezisombululo ze-acid-base).
Ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi bubalwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ze-GB/T 151 Heat Exchanger noma i-ASME BPVC VIII-1, iqinisekisa ugqinsi lodonga≥20% (njengokubala ukujiya kodonga+0.5mm isici sokuphepha lapho ingcindezi yokusebenza ingu-15MPa).
2. Ukufaniswa kwe-flange ne-seal
Uhlobo lwe-Flange: Ezimweni zokucindezela okuphezulu, ama-flange welding wentamo (WNRF) noma ama- integral flange (IF) asetshenziswa, futhi indawo yokuvala ikhethwa njenge-mortise ne-tenon (TG) noma i-ring joint (RJ) ukunciphisa ingozi yokuvala ukuvuza kwendawo.
I-gasket yokuvala: Khetha i-gasket esongwe ngensimbi (enezindandatho zangaphakathi nangaphandle) (ukumelana nokucindezela≤25MPa) noma i-octagonal metal ring gasket (ingcindezi ephezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nengcindezi≥40MPa) ngokuya nezici ze-medium. I-gasket material iyahambisana nezinto zamapayipi (ezifana ne-316L gasket ne-316L flange).
2,Idizayini Yesakhiwo: Ukuqinisa Ingcindezi Nokwethenjelwa
1. Ukwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo semishini
Idizayini yokugoba: Gwema ukugoba i-engeli engakwesokudla futhi usebenzise irediyasi enkulu yokugoba (R≥I-3D, D ububanzi bepayipi) ukunciphisa ukugxila kwengcindezi; Uma ubeka amapayipi amaningi, asakazwa ngokulinganayo ukuze alinganise amandla e-radial.
Ukuqinisa isakhiwo: Engeza izindandatho zokusekela (isikhala≤1.5m) noma izinti zokumisa ezimaphakathi ezakhelwe endaweni eqondile endeithubhu yokushisa ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa komzimba we-tube ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu; Ingxenye yokuxhuma phakathi kwe-flange nomzimba wepayipi ithatha indawo yoshintsho eqinile (i-gradient groove welding) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukungezwani kwezinyembezi komthungo wokushisela.
2. Ukubekwa uphawu kanye nomklamo wokuxhumana
Inqubo ye-Welding: Umzimba wepayipi kanye ne-flange kufakwe ngokugcwele i-welded (njenge-TIG welding + filler wire), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray engu-100% (RT) noma ukuhlolwa kokungena (PT) kwenziwa ngemva kokushisela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-weld seam ayinazo izimbotshana nokuqhekeka;
Usizo lokunweba: Ishubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa lixhunywe kupuleti leshubhu kusetshenziswa inqubo embaxambili yokunwetshwa kwe-hydraulic kanye nokufaka uphawu lokushisela. Ingcindezi yokwandisa≥kabili ingcindezi yokusebenza yokuvimbela ukuvuza okuphakathi kwezimbobo zamapuleti eshubhu.
3,Inqubo yokukhiqiza: ukulawula okuqinile kokukhubazeka nokuvumelana
1. Ukulawulwa kokunemba komshini
Ukusikwa kwepayipi kusebenzisa ukusika kwe-laser/CNC, nobuso bokuphela perpendicularity≤0.1mm; i-flange yokuvala ubuso obumangelengele≤I-Ra1.6μ m, iphutha lokusabalalisa iyunifomu yembobo yebholidi≤0.5mm, iqinisekisa amandla afanayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Magnesium oxide powder: kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-vibration compaction, ukugcwalisa ukuminyana≥2.2g/cm³, ukuze kugwenywe ukushisa okweqile kwendawo noma ukwehluleka kokufakwa kwe-insulation okubangelwa izingxenye ezingenalutho (ukumelana ne-insulation≥100MΩ/500V).
2. Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka nokuqinisekisa
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwefekthri:
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic: Ukucindezela kokuhlola izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kokucindezela kokusebenza (njengokucindezela kokusebenza okungu-10 MPa kanye nokucindezela kokuhlola okungu-15 MPa), futhi akukho kwehla kwengcindezi ngemva kokubamba imizuzu engu-30;
Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi (kusebenza emithonjeni yegesi): Ingcindezi yokuhlola iyiphinda izikhathi ezingu-1.1 ingcindezi yokusebenza, kuhlanganiswe nokutholwa kokuvuza kwe-helium mass spectrometry, nezinga lokuvuza≤1 × 10 ⁻⁹mbar· L/s.
Ukuhlola okulimazayo: Isampula isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ingcindezi yokuqhuma, futhi ingcindezi yokuqhuma kufanele ibe≥Iphinda izikhathi ezi-3 ingcindezi yokusebenza ukuze uqinisekise imajini yokuphepha.
4,Ukuzijwayeza okusebenzayo: ukubhekana nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusebenza
1. Isinxephezelo sokunwetshwa kwe-thermal
Lapho ubude beishubhu lokufudumeza is ≥2m noma umehluko wezinga lokushisa uwukuthi≥100℃, ijoyinti lokunwetshwa kwe-waveform noma isigaba sokuxhuma esivumelana nezimo kufanele kufakwe ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukonakala kokushisa (inani lokunwetshwaΔ L=α L Δ T, laphoα i-coefficient ye-linear expansion coefficient) futhi ugweme ukwehluleka kokuvala i-flange okubangelwa ukucindezelwa komehluko wezinga lokushisa.
2. Ukulawulwa komthwalo ongaphezulu
Imithombo yezindaba enengcindezi ephezulu (ikakhulukazi amagesi) izwela ukushisa okweqile kwendawo futhi idinga ukuncishiswa komthwalo ongaphezulu (≤8W/cm²). Ngokwandisa inombolo noma ububanzi beithubhu yokushisas, ihlakaza ukuminyana kwamandla, nokuvimbela ukukala noma ukukhuphuka kwezinto ezibonakalayo (njengomthwalo ongaphezulu≤6W/cm² ngesikhathi sokushisa umusi).
3. Idizayini ehambelana nemidiya
Ngoketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu oqukethe izinhlayiya/ukungcola, isikrini sokuhlunga (ngokunemba kwe≥100 mesh) noma ikhava yomhlahlandlela kufanele ifakwe endaweni yokungena ishubhu lokufudumeza ukunciphisa ukuguguleka; Imidiya ebolayo idinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kokudlula/ukufafaza (njenge-polytetrafluoroethylene coating, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa≤260℃).
5,Umklamo ojwayelekile futhi owenziwe ngezifiso
Nikeza imibiko yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukufaneleka kwenqubo yokushisela (PQR), nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ngokuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke (GB 150 "Imikhumbi Yokucindezela", NB/T 47036 "Electric Heating Elements") noma izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe (ASME BPVC, PED 2014/68/EU).
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhethekile zamakhasimende (ezifana nokushisisa okunengcindezi ephezulu kwemishini ye-API 6A ye-wellhead kanye nokushisisa okuqinile kolwandle), sibambisana namakhasimende ukuze silingise izimo zokusebenza (ezifana nokuhlaziywa kwesici esinqunyelwe sokusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi kanye nokwenza kahle kwenkundla yokugeleza kwe-CFD) nokwenza ngokwezifiso ukucaciswa kwe-flange (njengama-flanges akhethekile anentambo nezinto ezimelana nesibabule).
finyeza
Ngenqubo egcwele yokwenza "isiqinisekiso samandla wezinto ezibonakalayo→umklamo wokumelana nomthwalo wesakhiwo→ukulawulwa kokunemba kokukhiqiza→ukuhlola nokuqinisekisa iluphu evaliwe", theflange kagesi ukushisa tube ingafinyelela ukusebenza okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu ze-voltage. Okubalulekile ukulinganisa amandla okuthwala ingcindezi, ukusebenza kokuvala, nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside, kuyilapho kucatshangelwa izici zesimo sekhasimende (izinga lokushisa, ukubola, izinga lokugeleza) kumklamo oqondisiwe, ekugcineni kuhlangatshezwane nemfuneko yomkhawulo wokuphepha wokucindezela kwamanzi/ukucindezela komoya.≥Izikhathi ezingu-1.5 zamapharamitha wokuklama.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomkhiqizo wethu, sicelaXhumana nathi!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2025
