- Inuhlelo lwesithando somlilo esishisayo, ukukhethwa kwepompo kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuthembeka, ukuzinza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza zesistimu. Iphampu eyodwa kanye nephampu ekabili (ngokuvamile ibhekisela "kokusetshenziswa kanye neyokubekwe eceleni" noma idizayini ehambisanayo) kunezinzuzo kanye nokubi zako. Okulandelayo kuhlaziya izinzuzo zabo kanye nokubi kusuka kubukhulu obuningi ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela:
1. Uhlelo lwephampu olulodwa (iphampu eyodwa yokujikeleza)
Izinzuzo:
1. Isakhiwo esilula kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kokuqala. Uhlelo lwephampu olulodwa aludingi amaphampu engeziwe, ama-valve okulawula kanye nama-circuit switching. Izindleko zokuthengwa kwemishini, ukufakwa kwamapayipi kanye nesistimu yokulawula ziyancipha kakhulu, ezifanele kakhulu ezincaneizithando zamafutha ezishisayonoma izimo ezinesabelomali esilinganiselwe.
2. Umsebenzi omncane wendawo kanye nokugcinwa kahle. Isakhiwo sesistimu sihlangene, sinciphisa izidingo zesikhala segumbi lokumpompa noma igumbi lemishini; ipompo elilodwa kuphela elidinga ukunakwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, nenani elincane lezingxenye ezisele kanye nemisebenzi elula yokulungisa, efanelekile ngezikhathi ezinezinsiza zokulungisa ezilinganiselwe.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okulawulwayo (isimo somthwalo ophansi) Uma umthwalo wesistimu uzinzile futhi uphansi, iphampu eyodwa ingafanisa amandla afanele ukuze kugwenywe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungafuneki lapho amaphampu amabili esebenza (ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezingagcwele umthwalo).
Ububi:
1. Ukuthembeka okuphansi kanye nengozi ephezulu yesikhathi sokuphumula. Uma iphampu eyodwa ihluleka (njengokuvuza kwe-mechanical seal, ukuthwala ukulimala, ukugcwala kwezimoto, njll.), ukujikeleza kwamafutha okudlulisa ukushisa kuphazamiseka ngokushesha, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kanye ne-carbonization yamafutha okudlulisa ukushisa esithandweni, ngisho nokulimala kwemishini noma izingozi zokuphepha, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo.
2. Ayikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nezishintshashintshayo zokulayisha. Lapho umthwalo wokushisa wesistimu ukhuphuka ngokuzumayo (njengezinto eziningi ezisebenzisa ukushisa kuqala ngesikhathi esisodwa), ukugeleza nokucindezela kwephampu eyodwa kungase kungahlangabezani nesidingo, okuholela ekubambezelekeni kokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa noma okungazinzile.
3. Ukunakekela kudinga ukuvala shaqa, okuthinta ukukhiqizwa. Uma iphampu eyodwa igcinwa noma ishintshwa, lonke uhlelo lwamafutha okudlulisa ukushisa kufanele lumiswe. Ezimweni zokukhiqiza eziqhubekayo zamahora angu-24 (ezifana nokucubungula amakhemikhali nokudla), ukulahleka kwesikhathi sokuphumula kukhulu.
- 2. Isistimu yephampu ekabili ("eyodwa esebenzayo nenye ibekwe eceleni" noma idizayini efanayo)Izinzuzo:
1. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo
◦ Eyodwa esebenzayo nenye ikwimodi yokulinda: Uma iphampu esebenzayo yehluleka, iphampu yokulinda ingaqalwa ngokushesha ngomshini ozishintshayo (njengokuxhunywa kwenzwa yokucindezela) ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka kwesistimu. Ilungele izimo ezinezidingo eziphakeme zokuqhubeka (njengemigqa ye-petrochemical kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza imithi).
◦ Imodi yokusebenza ehambisanayo: Inombolo yamaphampu angavulwa angashintshwa ngokuvumelana nomthwalo (njengepompo ye-1 ekulayisheni okuphansi kanye namaphampu angu-2 ekulayisheni okuphezulu), futhi isidingo sokugeleza singafaniswa ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okuzinzile.
1. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kanye nesikhathi esincishisiwe sokuphumula Iphampu yokulinda ingahlolwa noma igcinwe isesimweni sokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamisa uhlelo; ngisho noma iphampu egijimayo ihluleka, ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela ukuya emaminithini ambalwa ukushintshela kupompo yokulinda, okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza.
2. Ivumelanisa nezimo zomthwalo omkhulu kanye nokuguquguquka Lapho amaphampu amabili exhunywe ngokuhambisana, isilinganiso sokugeleza esiphezulu siphindwe kabili kunesepompo eyodwa, engahlangabezana nezidingo zephampu enkulu.izithando zamafutha ezishisayonoma amasistimu anokuguquguquka okukhulu komthwalo oshisayo (njengokushintshanisa ukusetshenziswa kokushisa ezinqubweni eziningi), ukugwema ukwehla kokusebenza kahle kokushisisa ngenxa yokungagelezi okwanele.
3. Nweba impilo yesevisi yepompo Imodi ye-one-in-one-standby ingenza amaphampu amabili agqoke ngokulinganayo ngokuzungezisa amaphampu ngezikhathi ezithile (njengokushintsha kanye ngesonto), ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukukhathala kwepompo eyodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside kanye nokunciphisa imvamisa yokulungisa.
- Ububi:
1. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala kudinga ukuthengwa kwepompo eyengeziwe, amapayipi asekelayo, ama-valve (njengama-valve okuhlola, ama-switching valves), amakhabhinethi okulawula kanye nezinhlelo zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo. Izindleko zizonke ziphakeme ngo-30% ~ 50% kunezohlelo lwephampu olulodwa, ikakhulukazi kumasistimu amancane.
2. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwesistimu ephezulu, ukwanda kwezindleko zokufakwa nokulungisa. Isistimu yamaphampu akabili idinga ukwakheka kwamapayipi okuyinkimbinkimbi (okufana nomklamo webhalansi wepayipi elihambisanayo), okungase kwenyuse amaphuzu avuzayo; ingqondo yokulawula (efana nokushintsha ingqondo okuzenzakalelayo, ukuvikela ukugcwala ngokweqile) idinga ukulungiswa kahle, futhi isimo sawo womabili amaphampu sidinga ukunakwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, futhi izinhlobo nenani lezingxenye eziyisipele ziyakhuphuka.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kungase kube phezulu (ezinye izimo zokusebenza). Uma uhlelo lusebenza ngomthwalo ophansi isikhathi eside, ukuvulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwamaphampu amabili kungase kubangele "amahhashi amakhulu adonsa izinqola ezincane", ukusebenza kahle kwepompo kunciphisa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphakeme kunokwepompo elilodwa; ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ngokulawula ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa noma ukusebenza kwepompo eyodwa, kodwa kuzokwandisa izindleko ezengeziwe.
4. Isikhala esikhulu esidingekayo sidinga indawo yokufakwa kwamaphampu amabili okufanele igcinwe, futhi izidingo zesikhala zendawo yegumbi lokumpompa noma zegumbi lemishini ziyanda, okungenzeka zingabi nobungane ezimweni ezinendawo elinganiselwe (njengamaphrojekthi okulungisa).
3. Iziphakamiso zokukhetha: Isinqumo esisekelwe kuzimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Izimo lapho isistimu yepompo eyodwa ikhethwa khona:
• Encaneisithando somlilo esishisayo(isb amandla ashisayo angu-<500kW), umthamo wokushisa ozinzile nokukhiqizwa okungaqhubeki (isb. izinto zokushisisa ngezikhawu eziqala futhi zime kanye ngosuku).
• Izimo lapho izidingo zokwethembeka zingekho phezulu, ukuvala shaqa kwesikhashana kokulungisa kuvunyelwe, futhi ukulahlekelwa ukuvala shaqa kukuncane (isb. izinto zaselabhorethri, izinto zokushisisa ezincane).
• Isabelomali esinqunyelwe ngokuqinile, futhi isistimu inezinyathelo zokusekelayo (isb. iphampu eyisipele yangaphandle yesikhashana).
Izimo lapho isistimu yephampu ekabili ikhethwa khona:
• Enkuluisithando somlilo esishisayo(amandla ashisayo ≥1000kW), noma imigqa yokukhiqiza edinga ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo amahora angama-24 (isb. ama-reactor amakhemikhali, imigqa yokubhaka ukudla).
• Izimo lapho ukunemba kokulawula izinga lokushisa kuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa ngenxa yokwehluleka kwephampu kungavunyelwe (isb. amakhemikhali amahle, ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi).
• Amasistimu anokuguquguquka okukhulu komthwalo oshisayo kanye nokulungiswa kokugeleza njalo (isb. izinto eziningi ezisetshenziswa ukushisa ziqalwa ngokushintshana).
• Izimo lapho ukunakekelwa kunzima khona noma ukulahlekelwa ukuvala shaqa kuphezulu (isb. amathuluzi angaphandle akude, amapulatifomu asogwini), umsebenzi wokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo unganciphisa ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomkhiqizo wethu, sicelaXhumana nathi!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2025
